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Introduction to Josh and Mak International’s Oil , Gas , Mining and Energy Law Blog
At Josh and Mak International, our Oil , Gas, Mining and Energy Law blog category serves as a comprehensive resource for industry professionals, legal practitioners, policymakers, and investors interested in the dynamic and complex field of oil and gas law. This category covers a wide array of topics, from regulatory updates and legal analyses to insights on market trends and best practices in the oil, gas , mining and energy sector. Our aim is to provide timely, accurate, and insightful information that helps our readers navigate the legal intricacies of the oil and gas industry in Pakistan and beyond.If you have questions or comments please get in touch with our team at aemen@joshandmak.com
The Model Production Sharing Agreements (PSA) of 2003 and 2023 are critical legal frameworks governing petroleum exploration and production in Pakistan. These agreements establish the terms and conditions under which…
Josh and Mak International Pakistan’s Top Oil and Gas Law Firm Fast and Prompt Access to Specific Legal Advice on the Pakistani Energy Sector In the last twenty years, Pakistan…
This agreement under discussion is a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) standradised by the PPIB involving three primary parties: the Central Power Purchasing Agency (Guarantee) Limited (acting on behalf of the…
The cornerstones of good Energy Purchase Agreements (EPAs) and Implementation Agreements (IAs) for small hydropower projects are essential to ensure the successful development, operation, and maintenance of such projects. These…
A Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) and an Implementation Agreement (IA) serve distinct but complementary roles in the context of power generation projects. Here’s a detailed differentiation between the two: Power…
The Government of Pakistan, recognising the critical need for sustainable and affordable energy solutions, has established the Framework Guidelines for Fast Track Solar PV Initiatives 2022. These guidelines aim to…
Our team has recently compiled some Q & A’s on the Baluchistan Mineral Policy 2019.If you have queries contact us at aemen@joshandmak.com Q: What is the primary objective of the…
This article provides a comprehensive guide for potential mining investors in Balochistan, highlighting the key stages of a mining project from initiation to completion, and the ancillary requirements essential for…
The “Mechanism for Determination of Tariff for Hydropower Projects” issued by NEPRA outlines a structured approach to establishing tariffs for hydropower projects, ensuring a transparent, objective, and predictable process. The…
Introduction The Private Power and Infrastructure Board (PPIB) under the Ministry of Water & Power, Government of Pakistan, presents the Guidelines for Setting Up Private Power Projects under the Short…
The strategic development of Pakistan’s oil and gas sector is critical for the nation’s energy security, economic growth, and sustainable development. The Oil and Gas Development Plan of Pakistan, as…
The Model Petroleum Exploration Licence in Pakistan, governed by the Pakistan Onshore Petroleum (Exploration and Production) Rules, 2013, provides a comprehensive legal framework for the exploration and exploitation of petroleum…
Pakistan’s Hydel Potential The hydel power potential of Pakistan is substantial and remains significantly untapped, despite the country’s abundance of water resources. Primarily located in the northern regions, the hydel…
At Josh and Mak International, we strive to provide our clients with comprehensive and insightful legal analysis. This article aims to dissect the Hydel Power Policy of 1995, introduced by…
The Transmission Line Policy of 1995 represents the Government of Pakistan’s (GOP) strategic initiative to address the escalating demands on the country’s electrical transmission infrastructure. This policy was formulated in…
As a prominent law firm committed to providing insightful legal guidance, Josh and Mak International presents a detailed comparative analysis of Pakistan’s Power Policies of 1994, 1998, and 2002. This…
The Renewable Energy (RE) Policy for Development of Power Generation 2006 represents a significant milestone in Pakistan’s efforts to enhance its power generation capacity through renewable energy sources. This policy,…
The National Policy for Power Co-Generation by Sugar Industry (the Co-Gen Policy), notified in January 2008, aims to harness the potential of Pakistan’s sugar industry to contribute to the national…
The National Power Policy 2013, developed by Pakistan’s Ministry of Water and Power, aims to address the country’s acute energy crisis and lay the foundation for a sustainable, efficient, and…
Pakistan’s Power Generation Policy 2015, notified on April 3, 2015, aims to address the country’s acute energy shortages and ensure a reliable, affordable, and sustainable electricity supply. This policy was…
The Alternative & Renewable Energy (ARE) Policy 2019 of Pakistan, notified on October 2, 2020, aims to foster the development and integration of alternative and renewable energy technologies (ARETs) into…
The National Electricity Policy 2021 (NEP 2021) of Pakistan is a comprehensive framework designed to address the critical challenges faced by the country’s power sector. This policy aims to ensure…
(1) Application of Shahtaj Sugar Mills Limited for Review of Generation Tariff dated January 02, 2017 Notified Vide SRO No. 453(I)/2017 dated June 07, 2017 before NEPRA in respect of…
At Josh and Mak International, we prioritise our clients’ awareness and understanding of the legal frameworks governing various aspects of energy consumption. This article delves into the intricacies of dishonest…
In response to the growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in Pakistan, the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) has established a comprehensive regulatory framework to facilitate the deployment and…
The Registration (Manner and Conditions for Entities Providing Electric Power Services) Rules, 2023, promulgated by the Government of Pakistan under the Ministry of Energy (Power Division), outline the procedural and…
The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) has established various sets of rules for the eligibility criteria of different licenses in the electric power sector. These rules encompass the distribution,…
The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) (Market Operator Registration, Standards and Procedure) Rules, 2015, along with their subsequent amendments, establish the framework for the registration and regulation of market…
The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) established the Complaint Handling and Dispute Resolution (Procedure) Rules, 2015, to provide a structured process for addressing complaints and resolving disputes within the…
The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) has established specific performance standards for the generation, transmission, and distribution of electric power in Pakistan. These standards are designed to ensure the…
The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) (Fines) Rules, 2002, establish a framework for imposing fines on entities that violate the provisions of the Regulation of Generation, Transmission and Distribution…
The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) has established distinct sets of rules for licensing generation and distribution of electric power in Pakistan: the NEPRA Licensing (Generation) Rules, 2000 and…
The NEPRA (Tariff Standards and Procedure) Rules, 1998, are crucial regulations governing the determination, modification, and enforcement of tariffs in the electric power sector of Pakistan. These rules, issued under…
The Regulation of Generation, Transmission, and Distribution of Electric Power Act, 1997 (hereinafter referred to as the “NEPRA Act”), is a pivotal legislative instrument aimed at governing the generation, transmission,…
The regulation of the Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) sector in Pakistan is overseen by the Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) under the OGRA Ordinance, 2002, and the CNG (Production…
The regulation of natural gas and related activities in Pakistan falls under the jurisdiction of the Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA), established under the OGRA Ordinance, 2002. This regulatory…
The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) is the primary body responsible for regulating the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) sector in Pakistan. The regulation is conducted under the OGRA Ordinance,…
The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) regulates the LPG sector under the OGRA Ordinance, 2002, and the LPG (Production & Distribution) Rules, 2001. Since its inception on 15th March…
The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) is the primary body responsible for regulating the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) sector in Pakistan. Established under the OGRA Ordinance, 2002, and the…
The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) plays a pivotal role in regulating the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) sector in Pakistan, under the OGRA Ordinance, 2002, and the LPG (Production…
Introduction The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) is the principal regulatory body overseeing the LPG and LNG sectors in Pakistan. Established under the OGRA Ordinance, 2002, OGRA has been…
Q1: What types of licences can be applied for regulated activities related to Natural Gas, RLNG, Flared Gas, and LNG? A: Licences for these regulated activities are specified in Schedule-I…
At Josh and Mak International, we understand the complexities and stringent requirements involved in obtaining licences in the oil sector. This article provides a detailed guide on how to obtain…
(a) Licence for a New Lubricants Marketing Company Obtaining a licence for establishing a new Lubricants Marketing Company (LMC) in Pakistan involves several critical steps and compliance with regulatory requirements.…
(A) Licence for Construction or Operation of New Oil Storage Introduction Establishing a new oil storage facility in Pakistan involves a comprehensive application process governed by the Oil and Gas…
(A) Licence for Construction and Operation of New Oil Pipeline Introduction Establishing a new oil pipeline in Pakistan involves adhering to the guidelines set forth by the Oil and Gas…
(a) Licence for Construction and Operation of a New Oil Refinery Obtaining a licence for the construction and operation of a new oil refinery in Pakistan involves several steps and…
Licensing a New Oil Marketing Company Establishing a new Oil Marketing Company (OMC) in Pakistan involves a comprehensive process governed by the Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA). This article…
The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) of Pakistan is tasked with the regulation of the mid and downstream oil sector. This regulatory oversight extends to a wide range of…
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Mineral Development Policy 2022 is a comprehensive framework aimed at fostering sustainable and inclusive growth in the mineral sector of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. This policy outlines strategic…
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Mining Rules, 2017, were established under the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Minerals Sector Governance Act, 2016. These rules provide a comprehensive framework for the governance of mineral resources…
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Royalty Auction Rules, 2017 (the “Rules”), were established by the Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to regulate the auction process for the collection of royalties on minerals. These…
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Minerals and Minor Minerals (Temporary Permit) Rules, 2020 (the “Rules”), were notified by the Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to regulate the temporary usage of minerals and minor…
The Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has introduced comprehensive Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in 2023 for the usage of explosives within the province. These SOPs aim to ensure the safe and…
The Consolidated Mines Rules, 2022, promulgated by the Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, serve as a comprehensive regulatory framework governing the operation, safety, and management of coal and metalliferous mines within…
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mines Safety, Inspection and Regulation Act, 2019 (the “Act”) represents a significant legislative effort to enhance the safety, health, and regulatory compliance within the mining industry of…
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Metalliferous Mines Rules, 2022 (the “Rules”) are a comprehensive set of regulations intended to govern the metalliferous mining activities in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. While the Rules…
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mines Rescue & Training Rules, 2022, have been established by the Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa under the authority of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mines Safety, Inspection and Regulation…
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mining of Minor Minerals from River Bed Rules, 2022, establish a comprehensive framework for the mining of minor minerals from river beds, nullahs, streams, and abandoned streams…
Hydrocarbon and Mining Opportunities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), a province in the northwest of Pakistan, is endowed with significant natural resources, making it a promising region for…
The Punjab Mining Concession Rules 2002 (“Rules”), as amended up to January 2023, are a comprehensive legal framework governing the exploration, extraction, and management of mineral resources within the Punjab…
Punjab is endowed with a rich variety of mineral resources that contribute significantly to the industrial and construction sectors. This article provides an overview of key minerals found in Punjab,…
Mining Concessions under Large Scale Mining Overview Mining concessions for large scale mining undertakings in Pakistan are governed by a comprehensive set of regulations that ensure the orderly, safe, and…
The Model Petroleum Concession Agreement (PCA) of 1994 is a foundational document in Pakistan’s oil and gas sector, providing a framework for the exploration, development, and production of petroleum resources.…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed overview of the “Tight Gas (Exploration & Production)…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed overview of the “Low BTU Gas Pricing Policy,…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed overview of the “Flare Gas Utilization Guidelines, 2016,”…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed overview of the “Marginal/Stranded Gas Fields – Gas…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed overview of the “Natural Gas Regulated Third Party…
At Josh and Mak International, we strive to provide detailed legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the “Technical Standards for…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed overview of the “Technical Standards for Oil Refineries,”…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed overview of the “Technical Standards for Petroleum Industry…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide detailed legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the “Oil Transportation (Pipeline) Technical Standards,”…
At Josh and Mak International, we are committed to providing detailed legal guidance on regulatory and technical standards within the energy sector. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the…
Standard Technical Specifications for Equipment and Materials At Josh and Mak International, we are committed to providing detailed legal guidance on regulatory and technical standards within the energy sector. This…
At Josh and Mak International, we strive to provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory standards within the energy sector. This article offers an in-depth overview of the Natural Gas Distribution…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory standards within the energy sector. This article offers an in-depth overview of the Performance and Service Standards Regulations,…
At Josh and Mak International, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive legal advice on regulatory standards within the energy sector. This article provides an in-depth overview of the Natural Gas…
At Josh and Mak International, we are committed to providing detailed legal guidance on regulatory and technical standards for the energy sector. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the…
At Josh and Mak International, we are committed to providing detailed legal guidance on regulatory and technical standards for various industries. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the technical…
At Josh and Mak International, we pride ourselves on providing thorough and detailed legal advice on regulatory and technical compliance for energy projects. This article provides an exhaustive overview of…
At Josh and Mak International, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive legal guidance on various contractual agreements within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed analysis of the contract…
At Josh and Mak International, we specialise in providing legal guidance on contractual agreements within the energy sector. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the contract for the supply…
At Josh and Mak International, we are committed to providing our clients with in-depth legal insights and guidance on various contractual agreements within the energy sector. This article provides a…
At Josh and Mak International, we specialise in providing legal insights and support for various contractual agreements within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed analysis of the contract…
At Josh and Mak International, we provide expert legal assistance in understanding and navigating contractual agreements, particularly within the energy sector. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the contract…
Introduction At Josh and Mak International, we provide expert legal advice on various contractual agreements within the energy sector, including the supply of natural gas. This article details the contract…
Introduction At Josh and Mak International, we provide expert legal advice and support in navigating regulatory frameworks, including those established by the Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA). The Complaint…
Introduction At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal advice and support to clients in the oil and gas sector. This article aims to elucidate the Natural Gas (Wellhead…
The above-mentioned framework is crucial for understanding the regulatory and operational procedures set by the Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) and the Ministry of Energy (Petroleum Division) of Pakistan.…
At Josh and Mak International, we aim to provide our clients with clear and comprehensive insights into critical legal documents and agreements. Here, we present an in-depth examination of the…
Introduction The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) has introduced the “Procedure for Appeals Regulations, 2024” to streamline the process for handling appeals within the regulatory framework established by the…
Overview The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) of Pakistan, under the auspices of the OGRA Ordinance, 2002, formulated the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Rules in 2007. These rules, codified…
Introduction The Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Production and Distribution) Rules, 2001, initially formulated under the framework established by the Government of Pakistan, are pivotal for regulating the production, storage, transportation, and…
Introduction The Government of Pakistan, through the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources, promulgated the Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) (Production and Marketing) Rules, 1992. These rules, notified on May 13,…
At Josh and Mak International, we prioritise keeping our clients informed about the latest regulatory changes in the oil and gas sector. This article provides a detailed comparison of the…
Introduction The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) was established under the OGRA Ordinance of 2000, which aimed to create a regulatory framework for Pakistan’s oil and gas sector. The…
Introduction The Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Policy 2011 was crafted to address the acute gas shortages in Pakistan by facilitating LNG imports. Pakistan’s energy policy aims to ensure a sustainable,…
OGRA’s document titled “Tariff Regime for Regulated Natural Gas Sector in Pakistan” provides comprehensive guidelines and methodologies established by the Oil & Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) for determining and regulating…
Introduction Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is an environment-friendly mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily propane and butane, which is used extensively as a fuel. Over the years, the Government of Pakistan has…
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily propane and butane, which is colourless and odourless in its natural state. To facilitate leak detection, ethyl mercaptan, a pungent-smelling…
Background The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) of Pakistan, through its Gas (Third Party Access) Rules, 2018 (TPA Rules, 2018) and the Pakistan Gas Network Code (Code), has established…
The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) Licensing Rules, 2002, established a comprehensive framework for the regulation of the natural gas sector in Pakistan. These rules were formulated under the…
Introduction The Petroleum Act, 1934 is a foundational legislative document in Pakistan, designed to regulate the import, transport, storage, production, refining, and blending of petroleum and other inflammable substances. Enacted…
Introduction The Petroleum Products (Development Surcharge) Rules, 1967, were established by the Government of Pakistan to regulate the development surcharge on petroleum products. These rules were notified in the Gazette…
Introduction The Petroleum Products (Development Surcharge) Rules, 1967, govern the imposition and collection of development surcharges on petroleum products in Pakistan. These rules, established under the Petroleum Products (Development Surcharge)…
In Pakistan, mining activities are primarily conducted by small-scale operations such as sole proprietorships, partnerships, and some private limited companies. Medium and large-scale mining activities are undertaken by private limited…
The mineral sector in Pakistan is subject to a comprehensive tax and levy regime designed to regulate and promote sustainable mining practices while ensuring fair revenue generation for the government.…
Pakistan’s mineral resources are abundant and varied, making the mining sector a significant contributor to the national economy. The regulatory framework governing this sector has evolved over time, aiming to…
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a colourless, odourless, and environmentally friendly mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily propane and butane. It exists in a gaseous state at normal temperature and pressure but…
Pakistan’s Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Policy of 2011 was developed to address the growing demand for natural gas amidst limited indigenous supplies. The policy aims to facilitate the importation, storage,…
Pakistan’s Natural Gas Allocation and Management Policy, 2005, is a cornerstone document designed to address the efficient and effective utilization of the country’s limited natural gas resources. Given the increasing…
Introduction The Pakistan Oil Refining Policy 2023 for New Greenfield Refineries marks a significant step towards strengthening the country’s refining sector. The policy aims to address the growing demand for…
Introduction The Government of Pakistan has recently amended its Brownfield Refinery Policy, reflecting significant changes aimed at modernizing and expanding the country’s refining sector. This article critically compares the old…
The Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Policy of Pakistan, 2024, presents a comprehensive framework to address the evolving energy needs and market dynamics of the country. This policy, formulated by the…
Overview of LPG Policy and Regulations Paradigms Deregulated Regime (2000 to 2018) In June 2000, the Federal Government of Pakistan decided to deregulate the LPG industry to make it more…
1. Energy Mix of Pakistan Pakistan’s energy mix has historically relied heavily on non-renewable energy sources, including fossil fuels such as oil, coal, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).…
The Foreign Investment (Promotion and Protection) Act 2022 represents a significant legislative effort by the Pakistani government to create a favorable environment for foreign investments, particularly in strategic sectors such…
Petroleum as a Provincial Subject During the Pre-Pakistan Period Before the creation of Pakistan, petroleum was owned by the provincial governments of British India. This historical context is crucial to…
The evolution of the Onshore Petroleum Rules in Pakistan reflects significant regulatory developments aimed at enhancing petroleum exploration and production. This comparative analysis focuses on the key differences and improvements…
Introduction The Government of Pakistan has a long history of issuing policies concerning various sectors, including the petroleum sector. These policies are essentially statements of government objectives and do not…
The Onshore Rules 2001 represent a significant update from the Onshore Rules 1986, reflecting the evolving landscape of petroleum exploration and production in Pakistan. The key changes and updates in…
Introduction At Josh and Mak International, we provide our clients with detailed insights into the regulatory frameworks governing the petroleum sector in Pakistan. This article compares the Pakistan Petroleum (Production)…
The Offshore Production Sharing Agreement (PSA) of 2003, a cornerstone for offshore hydrocarbon exploration in Pakistan, exhibits several characteristics that align with international standards. However, certain elements may benefit from…
As a leading law firm, Josh and Mak International recognises the importance of understanding the implications of recent amendments to legal frameworks governing the petroleum sector. The Model Petroleum Concession…
The revised Petroleum Policy of 2012, amended in March 2024, introduces several key changes aimed at enhancing the regulatory framework, incentivising exploration, and promoting local employment and social welfare. This…
We help clients in the oil and gas sector navigate the complexities of the Tight Gas (Exploration and Production) Policy 2024, ensuring compliance, optimising benefits, and mitigating risks. Questions? Contact…
The Regulation of Mines and Oilfields and Mineral Development (Government Control) Act, 1948 The Regulation of Mines and Oilfields and Mineral Development (Government Control) Act, 1948, commonly referred to as…
Client Information Article for Josh and Mak International: Oil and Gas Sector As an esteemed oil and gas law firm, Josh and Mak International is dedicated to offering comprehensive legal…
Introduction In the rapidly evolving landscape of petroleum exploration and production, regulatory frameworks must adapt to address new challenges and opportunities. The Government of Pakistan recently introduced the Offshore Rules…
Q & A on Energy Sector Energy Law in Pakistan; there are many areas in Pakistan for which it has been confirmed that they are economically suitable for E&P; exploration…
We also advise extensively on Water and Power laws in Pakistan and Setting Up Independent Power Projects in Pakistan We are a Top Law Firm, which has been making positive…
At Josh and Mak International, we understand the importance of environmental protection and sustainability in Pakistan. With growing concerns about the environment, it has become crucial for individuals, businesses, and…
Hydropower Benefit Sharing in Pakistan A Legal Framework By Barrister Aemen Zulfikar Maluka 1.1 A proposed road map for the inquiry: This report is split into three parts. Part 1…
By Barrister Aemen Maluka (Published 2011) Introduction When 52 countries signed the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) in 1994, it was viewed as an ambitious initiative on behalf of the international…
By Barrister Aemen Maluka Published 2011 Introduction From an economic point of view, Gas Flaring is essentially a wasteful activity, giving rise to negative externalities in terms of precious hydrocarbon…
An Energy Security Action Plan (2005–2030) is in place to meet the requirements of Pakistan’s Vision 2030 for reliable and quality energy supplies and to ensure that energy shortages do…
To ensure a healthy development of the economy, on January 23, 2013, the State Council of the People’s Republic of China announced the long-awaited Energy Development 12th Five Year Plan,…
Comparison Between the 2009 and 2013 Petroleum Concession Agreements Q: What are the key differences in the definitions section of the 2009 and 2013 PCAs? A: The 2009 PCA contains…
Josh and Mak International is a leading law firm in Pakistan, specializing in providing comprehensive and high-level consultancy services in the field of energy law. Our firm is dedicated to…
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