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The Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923 provides for important workmen’s rights This has been amended by Labour Laws (Amendment) Act 1972 and by Act of 1986 which has introduced some important…
What’s the Difference? Novation is a mechanism whereby one party can transfer all its obligations under a contract and all its benefits arising from that contract to a third party.…
At Josh and Mak International, we understand the frequent legal queries that arise regarding services matters for WAPDA employees. To assist our clients, we have compiled summaries of recent cases…
If you are a civil servant who has been accused of misconduct, you can challenge your penalty on the basis of ‘equality’ in the way other people who were involved…
Did you know that it is your legal right to have your case decided in a timely/expeditious manner? The law is very clear about this as discussed below. The National…
The termination of employment following the abolition of posts is a complex issue that intersects with various legal principles and regulations. This blog post examines several pivotal cases to understand…
Last updated : 2014-2015 This page will be updated soon. Relevant Authorities and Legislation 1.1 What regulates mining law? The Regulation of Mines and Oilfields and Mineral Development (Government Control)…
By Pir Abdul Wahid As we have been getting a lot of queries lately regarding the different environmental, health and safety and tax issues pertaining to Ship Breaking Industry in…
An interested witness is an individual who has a direct stake or interest in the outcome of a legal proceeding, typically because they are connected to the case in a…
Tazkiyah al-shuhood means the mode of inquiry adopted by a court to satisfy it self as to the credibility of a witness. In the case of PLJ 1994 Cr.C. (SAC)…
Penal Code : Islamic Concepts Presently in Pakistan the criminal justice system is primarily based upon a penal code that was codified by the British in the colonial era of…
For more information on the application of corruption laws to the Energy Industry in Pakistan, please feel free to email us at aemen@joshandmak.com A common query and complaint on behalf…
DNA Evidence in Pakistani Courts: This article examines the approach of Pakistani courts with respect to the admissibility and evaluation of DNA evidence. The case law analysis brings to the…
Schools of Fiqh in Pakistan: The predominant madhhab in Pakistan is the Hanafi, and there are sizeable Ja’fari and Isma’ili minorities. The legal status of the Ahmadis is somewhat unclear.…
The acquisition of citizenship is a crucial aspect for individuals seeking to establish their legal status and rights within a country. In Pakistan, the Pakistan Citizenship Act 1951 governs the…
In Pakistan, the Board of Investment (BOI) plays a crucial role in promoting and facilitating local and foreign investment. The Government of Pakistan (GOP) has implemented an Investment Policy aimed…
Pakistan’s Labour Policy 2002, Labour Protection Policy 2005, and the related legislation currently in the process of revision and consolidation, provide a framework for worker protection but also seeks to…
Introduction The Pakistan Intellectual Property Rights Organization has been created under Pakistan Intellectual Property Rights Organization Ordinance 2005 to provide for protection of intellectual property in Pakistan. The Ordinance also…
On Feb. 10, 1979 two Ordinances came into force in Pakistan for purposes of providing punishments under Islamic Laws against offences of theft and adultery. Two more Ordinances dealing with…
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