Commentary: Finance Act 2024
The Finance Bill, 2024, presented in the National Assembly on June 12, 2024, and subsequently passed as the Finance Act, 2024, on June 28, 2024, introduces significant amendments to Pakistan’s…
Speculations of Nuclear Testing by Iran
Recent developments regarding Iran’s nuclear activities have sparked intense speculation following a seismic event in Iran’s Semnan province on October 5, 2024. The tremor, recorded at 4.5 to 4.6 in…
Liability of Platform Owners in the year 2024 (the case of Pavel Durov and Elon Musk)
The arrest of Pavel Durov, the founder and CEO of Telegram, in France raises significant legal challenges and potential implications for global technology platforms. The arrest stems from accusations related…
Evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Law (updated September 2024)
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has grown from speculative theories to practical applications that now shape various industries, transcending its original academic interest. The trajectory of AI, from its conceptual roots to…
Imane Khelif Law Suits-Update
Imane Khelif, the Algerian Olympic gold medalist in boxing, has recently launched a lawsuit against J.K. Rowling and Elon Musk. The lawsuit, filed in Paris, accuses them of cyberbullying and…
Proposed Amendment to 489-F PPC
The proposed amendment, as introduced in the National Assembly of Pakistan, seeks to amend section 489F of the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, and the corresponding provisions in the Code of…
Legal Update: New Directives on Social Media Use for Government Servants
On 2nd September 2024, the Establishment Division of Pakistan issued a comprehensive Office Memorandum concerning the use of social media platforms by government servants. These new directives reinforce the Government…
Contractors, Employees and Malafide Outsourcing (Civil Petitions No.525-K to 541-K/2023)
This recent judgement discusses (1) Concept of outsourcing of tasks through contractor & the Toll Manufacturing (2) Circumvention of labour laws to save money (3) ILO Conventions No.87, 98 &…
Appeal in the Starbucks Case dismissed (Civil Appeal No.1011 of 2024)
The legal battle between Starbucks Corporation, USA, and Options International (SMC-Pvt.) Limited, a case that recently culminated in a significant judgment from the Supreme Court of Pakistan, provides a compelling…
Oral Agreements in Land Disputes (Civil Petition No. 174-K of 2022)
In the context of the legal principles governing oral agreements, the judgment in Civil Petition No. 174-K of 2022 before the Supreme Court of Pakistan provides a comprehensive analysis of…
Case Comment (a) Whether simply passing a written examination and being invited for an interview establishes any legal right or legitimate expectation for the candidates regarding their selection or appointment. (b) Whether the outcome of an interview process can be legally challenged within the constitutional jurisdiction of the High Court (C.Ps.No. 154-K of 2022 and 166-K of 2022)
Facts of the Case C.Ps.No. 154-K of 2022 and 166-K of 2022 The petitioners, Waheed Gul Khan and Mumtaz Ali, applied for employment in the Food Department of the Government…
Monal Restaurant Case (Civil Petition No. 304 of 2022 etc.)
A Legal Perspective on the Supreme Court’s Judgment on Monal Restaurant: A Long-Overdue Enforcement of Environmental Law The recent Supreme Court judgment ordering the closure and demolition of Monal Restaurant…
Right to Appeal in Family Cases (Civil Petition No. 473-K of 2024)
The case “Syed Raheel Ahmed v. Mst. Syeda Zona Naqvi and others” (Civil Petition No. 473-K of 2024) is significant due to its implications on the interpretation and application of…
What is the Mubarik Sani Case?
The Mubarak Sani case in Pakistan has garnered significant attention due to its complex legal and religious implications. Mubarak Ahmad Sani was accused of offences under the Punjab Holy Quran…
Natasha Iqbal Karachi Accident Case (Legal Aspects)
Updates as of 21st of September 2024 The Natasha Iqbal case, stemming from the fatal road accident on Karachi’s Karsaz Road in August 2024, has seen several important updates recently.…
Recent Amendments to the Sindh Sales Tax on Services (2024)
On 30th June 2024, the Sindh Revenue Board issued Circular No. 05/2024, providing crucial amendments to the Sindh Sales Tax on Services (SST) rules. This circular introduces significant changes in…
Comparison of Existing and New Forms under the Companies Regulations, 2024
Introduction The implementation of the LEAP (Leading Efficient and Accessible Processes) program marks a significant transition in the regulatory landscape for companies in Pakistan. This initiative includes the replacement of…
Digitalization of the Pakistani Tax System
The digitalization of Pakistan’s tax system, spearheaded by the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR), marks a significant transformation aimed at modernising the country’s tax infrastructure. This initiative is primarily facilitated…
A Comprehensive Guide to the Investment Climate of Pakistan 2023-2024
The investment climate in Pakistan presents a unique blend of opportunities and challenges, shaped by the country’s diverse economic landscape and evolving regulatory environment. As Pakistan seeks to attract foreign…
Factors Constraining Foreign Investment in Pakistan
The legal landscape for investments in Pakistan is shaped by a myriad of factors that contribute to a complex and often challenging environment for both domestic and foreign investors. The…
Investor’s Guide to the Oil & Gas Sector of Pakistan (2023-2024)
Pakistan’s upstream oil and gas sector is governed by a complex regulatory framework designed to attract both local and foreign investment. This sector plays a crucial role in the country’s…
Legal Advice on Income Tax Ordinance 2001 treatment of taxation on IT, income from online forums, and freelancing in Pakistan (updated 2024)
In recent years, the digital economy has seen exponential growth, with a significant number of individuals and businesses engaging in IT services, online forums, and freelancing activities. This shift towards…
Q&A on Pakistan’s Oil and Gas Development Plan (updated)
The strategic development of Pakistan’s oil and gas sector is critical for the nation’s energy security, economic growth, and sustainable development. The Oil and Gas Development Plan of Pakistan, as…
Tight Gas (Exploration & Production) Policy, 2011 (and Comparison with the 2024 Tight Gas Policy)
At Josh and Mak International, we provide comprehensive legal guidance on regulatory frameworks within the energy sector. This article offers a detailed overview of the “Tight Gas (Exploration & Production)…
Pakistan Gas Network Code 2024
At Josh and Mak International, we are committed to providing detailed legal guidance on regulatory and technical standards for the energy sector. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the…
Comment: OGRA Procedure for Appeals Regulations, 2024
Introduction The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) has introduced the “Procedure for Appeals Regulations, 2024” to streamline the process for handling appeals within the regulatory framework established by the…
Comparison of Pakistan Oil Refining Policy for upgradation of Existing / Brownfield Refineries, 2023 (As amended in Feb, 2024) with Pakistan Oil Refining Policy 2023 for Existing / Brownfield Refineries
Introduction The Government of Pakistan has recently amended its Brownfield Refinery Policy, reflecting significant changes aimed at modernizing and expanding the country’s refining sector. This article critically compares the old…
Comment: Pakistan’s LPG Policy 2024 by Josh and Mak International
The Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Policy of Pakistan, 2024, presents a comprehensive framework to address the evolving energy needs and market dynamics of the country. This policy, formulated by the…
Outlook for LPG, LNG, and Natural Gas (NG) in Pakistan in 2024
1. Energy Mix of Pakistan Pakistan’s energy mix has historically relied heavily on non-renewable energy sources, including fossil fuels such as oil, coal, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).…
Pakistan’s Accession to The Marrakesh Treaty
On December 12, 2023, Pakistan marked a significant achievement by officially signing the Marrakesh Treaty. This momentous event, held at the Aiwan-e-Sadr, saw President Dr. Arif Alvi reaffirm Pakistan’s commitment…
Departmental Inquiry : Review of a recent case (2023)
Appeal number 5048/2022 titled Muhammad Sultan Mehmood vs. Additional IGP, South Punjab adjudicated by the Punjab Service Tribunal, centres on the procedural irregularities and the legal missteps in the departmental…
Pakistani Legislation 2023
ACT NO. XXXVIII OF 2023 CONTROL OF NARCOTICS SUBSTANCES (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2023 An Act further to amend the Control of Narcotics Substances Act, 1997 No. F. 22(10)/2022-Legis., dated 4.8.2023.–The following…
Legal Advice on Doing Business in Pakistan 2023-2024
Pakistan is a country with a rich history and diverse culture, and it offers a lot of opportunities for foreign investors and entrepreneurs. However, doing business in Pakistan can be…
Foreign Law Client and Investor Guide to Pakistan 2024
This client guide aims to provide a concise overview of the Pakistani Legal System for the convenience of our readers, including members of the public and private clients. While the…
Understanding Investment Vehicles and Policies in Pakistan 2023-2024
In Pakistan, the Board of Investment (BOI) plays a crucial role in promoting and facilitating both local and foreign investments. The Government of Pakistan (GOP) has recently implemented the Pakistan…
Energy Security-Changing Perspectives
Energy security is a multi-faceted concept in modern times, no longer confined to ensuring that local energy resources and hydrocarbon deposits are sufficient for future use. It has evolved into…
Forums for Employee Grievance Redressal (C.A. 795/2012)
In a recent decision, the Honourable Supreme Court, in its recently reported judgment in C.A. 795/2012, has provided much-needed clarity on the redressal mechanisms available to different categories of employees.…
