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Protecting Property Rights: Understanding the Illegal Dispossession Act, 2005
Introduction In the realm of legal safeguards against property-related crimes in Pakistan, the Illegal Dispossession Act, 2005 stands as a formidable shield to protect the rights of lawful property owners…
A review of reported cases under the Sindh Police (Efficiency and Discipline) Rules, 1988
We have recently received a lot of queries from the general public, especially members of the Sindh Police regarding major and minor penalties imposed upon them and possible remedies. We…
Transparency and Right to information Legislation in Pakistan
Background to Transparency and Right to information Legislation in Pakistan In a nation grappling with persistent reports of corruption within official circles, Pakistan’s journey towards enacting Right to Information (RTI) laws has…
Upgradation of Civil Servants
Update 2022: The latest Government Policy on Upgradation supersedes Establishment Division’s OM No. 8/36 2000-R-1 dated 20-01-2001: OM No. 8/36/2000-R-1 dated 03-02-2001: OM No. 8/36 2000-R-1 dated 11-09-2018 and others…
Artificial Intelligence law in Pakistan
Embracing the Future: Pakistan’s National AI Policy In the fast-evolving landscape of technological advancements, one particular force is reshaping the world as we know it – Artificial Intelligence (AI). Recognizing…
Meta’s LLaMa 2 License and Legal Aspects of Open Source Licences in the AI Industry
Meta, formerly known as Facebook, has been making strides in the world of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the release of its powerful LLaMa 2 model. However, there has been a…
Copyrights Law in Pakistan
Josh and Mak International, being a full-service law firm, can offer a range of legal services to individuals and companies in Pakistan and abroad in the realm of copyrights and…
Data Protection and the Employee’s Digital Footprint (Pakistan)
The Right to Privacy in the Pakistani Workplace The right to privacy, defined as “freedom from unauthorized and unreasonable intrusion into individuals’ personal affairs,” is recognized as a fundamental right…
Data Privacy and Protection Laws in Pakistan
Legal Advice on Data Protection Laws in Pakistan by Josh and Mak International As a leading law firm in Pakistan, Josh and Mak International offers expert legal advice on data…
Understanding the Complexity of Human Smuggling and Illegal Migration from Pakistan
Do you suspect that a family member or friend is being targeted by a human trafficker in Pakistan? Have you had a similar experience yourself? Get in touch with us…
Predatory Loan Apps in Pakistan: Unchecked Exploitation in the Digital Lending Landscape
Have you or your friends/family been affected by the predatory lending practices of lenders in Pakistan? Reach out to us and share your experience with us at aemen@joshandmak.com Legal Update…
Legal and Ethical Implications of the Titan Submersible Incident (OceanGate)
Are you following the OceanGate Titan Submersible Disaster? Have legal questions? Get in touch at aemen@joshandmak.com Background to the Disappearance of Underwater Vehicle (UV) Titan This legal note addresses the…
Intellectual Property Registration and Protection of Geographical Indications in Pakistan
Josh and Mak International can offer the following legal services to clients in Pakistan and abroad: Geographical Indications Registration and Protection: Josh and Mak International can assist clients in the…
Can NCNDA agreements in business and employment be unfair? What times of NCNDAs in Pakistan are potentially illegal?
We receive a significant number of inquiries from both employers and employees seeking clarification on the enforceability of Non-Compete and Non-Disclosure Contracts (NCDAs) in Pakistan. Additionally, there is a considerable…
The use of Geofencing techniques and Call Data records (CDRs) as means of investigation in Pakistan
Geofencing is a location-based technology that creates a virtual boundary or perimeter around a real-world geographic area. It allows authorities, including the police, to define specific geographic zones and receive…
LLP Registration in Pakistan
Message for the General Public: The first thing you need to consider, now that you have reached our page on LLP Registration in Pakistan, is whether you are looking for…
Perceiving the Legal Challenges in the COVID19 Vaccine Roll Outs, procurement, approvals and cold chain logistics
Vaccine appears to be something the governments are aiming to keep off from the risks of price gouging via brokers and other private intermediaries.The philosophical premise of this may be…
A Primer on Child Custody, Interim Custody , Visitation and Guardianship as per Pakistani law
Child Custody in Pakistan, FAQs, and relevant case law on Section 491 CrPc, Section 100 CrPc Section 12 and Section 25 of the Guardians and Wards Act, Pakistan (including other…
Environmental Law in Pakistan
At Josh and Mak International, we understand the importance of environmental protection and sustainability in Pakistan. With growing concerns about the environment, it has become crucial for individuals, businesses, and…
Updated Pakistani law on aliens/foreigners and acquiring citizenship
Understanding the Status of Aliens and Citizenship in Pakistan Introduction In Pakistan, the legal status of aliens and citizenship is defined by the Pakistan Citizenship Act of 1951, as amended…
Understanding Mutation in Pakistani Law
Mutation is a vital legal process in land law in Pakistan that validates property ownership and updates land records in Pakistan. Property owners must understand the significance of mutation and…
Pakistani Law on statements of Interested Witnesses
An interested witness is an individual who has a direct stake or interest in the outcome of a legal proceeding, typically because they are connected to the case in a…
Technical terms in Pakistani Land Revenue and Property (Urdu , Persian and Arabic)
At Josh and Mak International, we understand the importance of clarity and effective communication when dealing with clients requiring guidance on Pakistani Land Property records and we aim provide them…
Court Decisions on Pakistani Evacuee and Tenancy Laws
In case 1995 C L C 1823 the property in question was not treated as evacuee property under the West Pakistan (Administration of Evacuee Property) Act, 1957. The plaintiffs were…
A review of the BP Oil Spill (updated 2023)
Health and Environmental Problems After the BP Oil Spill (updated 2023) The Deepwater Horizon oil spill, which occurred on April 20, 2010, is still haunting the lives of thousands of…
Abortion Law in Pakistan
Revisions in Pakistan’s Abortion Laws: Balancing Islamic Teachings and Legal Framework In 1990, the Pakistani government took a significant step by revising the outdated colonial-era Penal Code of 1860, specifically…